Bonampak: The City that Changed our Understanding of the Maya

Archeological sites are important for different reasons. Some, for their huge structures; some, for their location. Bonampak became extremely important for its frescoes, which many believe changed what we thought we knew about Mayan society.

Bonampak lived in perpetual conflict along the Usumacinta

Like many other important Mayan cities, Bonampak lies along the Usumacinta River. This was an important trade route, as it passed through other important cities, such as Palenque and Yaxchilan. But friendly trade between the cities was not always the norm. Actually, Bonampak had quite a few conflicts, especially with the larger Yaxchilan—only 19 miles away. Bonampak’s complicated relationship with other cities is extensively depicted in its impressive frescoes.

The frescoes at Bonampak

Bonampak’s pièce de résistance, its frescoes, inside a building known as Structure 1 (archeologists have a flair for names, don’t they?) Fortunately, it has another name, easier to remember: “The Building of the Paintings”. Their discovery caused quite a stir, as they changed our general understanding of these ancient societies: they were definitely more inclined to war than previously thought.

As these extensive murals were done on plaster (in a single sitting, no less), it’s impressive how well-preserved they are. To this day they feature bright, colorful scenes in blues, reds, yellows, greens, and more.

They cover a wide variety of themes, such as the history of the city and its people—especially the royal court; their dresses, musical instruments, dances, and rituals. Also, not surprisingly, the weapons they used in war and the treatment of prisoners.

Taking care of the frescoes

The Mayans got their pigments from plants and animals. So, as you can imagine, the frescoes are quite delicate. Because of this, the entrance is usually limited to a few people at a time—too much breath and perspiration can damage them!

Don’t miss out on this glimpse of the past!